What actually happened was a significant shift in Google’s organizational structure, with every executive being given their own communications team. The marketing department ballooned. “I think it created a culture that was more corporate—the opposite of what Larry said he wanted to happen,” said Stapleton. “The company became much more complex and inefficient. The irony was Larry was calling this out: ‘We’re going to become sclerotic, and we’re going to stop innovating if the company gets too bloated.’ But that’s exactly what happened: Google became a bloated Borg. And all of a sudden, Google wanted to do cool branding, like Apple.”